Entre contextos
un análisis crítico del discurso de la alfabetización familiar, las prácticas discursivas y las subjetividades de la alfabetización
Palavras-chave:
alfabetização familiar. análise crítica do discurso. educação urbana. educação especial. identidades alfabetizadas.Resumo
Este artículo se baseia em un estudo etnográfico de dois anos da vida e da alfabetização de duas afroamericanas que viviam em um ambiente de pobreza urbana. O estudo demonstra como June Treader e sua filha mais velha Vicky utilizam eficientemente a linguagem e a alfabetização no lar e na sua comunidade e ainda assim falham em capitalizar esta competência dentro da escola, culminando com a colocação de Vicky em um programa de educação especial. Para ilustrar a complexidade da alfabetização na vida de June Treader, apresento três contextos discursivos: o discurso da escola, o discurso da mãe e o discurso do Comitê de Educação Especial. Cada um destes contextos proporciona pontos cruciais (Fairclough, 1995) ou momentos de tensão, nos quais os marcadores lingüísticos e institucionais sugerem as formas em que cada contexto discursivo insiste em certas relações com a alfabetização e põe em evidência certas subjetividades. Utilizando a análise crítica do discurso (Fairclough, 1995; Gee, 1996), o artigo vai além das explicações existentes do porquê de as crianças e as famílias que provêm de lares minoritários fracassarem na escola.
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