Alimentação e sustentabilidade: consumo de carne e vegetarianismo no Brasil e no Reino Unido

Autores

  • Emily Wolstenholme PhD in Psychology, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Cardiff University, School of Geography and planning, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9558-068X
  • Tiago Ribeiro Duarte PhD in Sociology, Assistant Professor of Sociology, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
  • Thaís Rozas Teixeira Masters in Sociology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8945-4655
  • Lorraine Whitmarsh PhD in Psychology, Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-1040
  • Wouter Poortinga PhD in Environmental Sciences, Professor, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6926-8545

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v15n3.2024.55739

Palavras-chave:

Meat consumption, Vegetarianism, Sustainability, Cross-cultural comparison, 4 n’s of meat consumption, Thematic analysis

Resumo

Há uma literatura crescente sobre o consumo de carne devido aos seus impactos negativos no meio ambiente. Entretanto, grande parte da literatura enfoca países do Norte Global, limitando a generalização intercultural e negligenciando o papel das diferenças culturais na motivação das escolhas alimentares. Este artigo apresenta uma comparação intercultural das motivações para o consumo de carne e o vegetarianismo no Brasil e no Reino Unido por meio da realização de um total de 63 entrevistas semiestruturadas com onívoros, vegetarianos e veganos no Brasil (n = 41) e no Reino Unido (n = 22). Os dados foram analisados tematicamente e os resultados comparados. Os resultados mostraram que o consumo de carne foi motivado de forma semelhante nos dois países por meio dos “4 Ns do consumo de carne”. No entanto, houve diferenças nas experiências dos participantes quanto à redução do consumo de carne, relacionadas a motivações, aversões e barreiras. No Reino Unido, o baixo custo foi uma motivação para a opção por refeições sem carne, ao passo que, no Brasil, o alto custo atribuído a refeições vegetarianas atuou como uma barreira para a redução no consumo desse alimento. Além disso, no Reino Unido o nojo atuou como uma aversão, em particular com relação a pedaços de carne que remetem ao animal de origem, o que não foi observado na amostra brasileira. Por fim, mesmo que em nenhum dos dois países questões ambientais tenham motivado de maneira significativa a adoção de dietas baseadas em plantas, ainda assim elas atuaram como uma motivação para a manutenção de dietas sem carne.

Biografia do Autor

  • Emily Wolstenholme, PhD in Psychology, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Cardiff University, School of Geography and planning, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
    Emily Wolstenholme received her PhD in Psychology from Cardiff University. Her research focuses on attitudes and behaviours related to climate change, behaviour change interventions and public policy. She has published in journals such as Frontiers in Psychology and Appetite.
  • Tiago Ribeiro Duarte, PhD in Sociology, Assistant Professor of Sociology, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil

    Tiago Ribeiro Duarte is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Brasília. He has published in journals such as Environmental Science & Policy, Biological Conservation and Engaging Science, Technology, and Society. His research is situated in the field of Science and Technology Studies and he is interested in topics such as the science-policy interface, interdisciplinarity, environmental controversies and conflicts, anti-environmentalism and denialism.

  • Thaís Rozas Teixeira, Masters in Sociology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
    She has researched the reasons for adopting a plant-based diet and controversies over sustainable livestock farming in Brazil based on the Science and Technology Studies literature.
  • Lorraine Whitmarsh, PhD in Psychology, Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom

    Lorraine Whitmarsh is a Professor of Environmental Psychology at the University of Bath, and Director of the UK Centre for Climate Change and Social Transformations (CAST). She is specialised in perceptions and behaviour in relation to climate change, energy, food, and transport, and was a Lead Author for IPCC’s Working Group II of Sixth Assessment Report.

  • Wouter Poortinga , PhD in Environmental Sciences, Professor, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom

    Wouter Poortinga is a Professor of Environmental Psychology at Cardiff University and Associate Director of the UK Centre for Climate Change and Social Transformations (CAST). He conducts research on a number of topics related to human-environment interactions, including environmental risk perception, sustainable behaviours and lifestyles, and housing, neighbourhoods and health.

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Publicado

2024-12-21

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v. 15 n. 3 (2024): Sustainability in Debate / Sustentabilidade em Debate

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Artigos - Varia

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Como Citar

Alimentação e sustentabilidade: consumo de carne e vegetarianismo no Brasil e no Reino Unido. (2024). Sustainability in Debate, 15(3), 131-146. https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v15n3.2024.55739

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