Environmental education as a strategy for mitigating rainfall erosion in mozambique: case study neighborhood 21 de abril, municipality of massinga

Abstract

Rain erosion is the sedimentation of matter under the influence of precipitation that influences the process of wear, transport and deposition in low-lying areas. The research has as its general objective to analyze the level of vulnerability to rain erosion in the 21 de Abril neighborhoods, taking into account the vulnerability scale of basic territorial units, proposed by Crepane et. al. (2001). In this neighborhood, some related incidents are notorious, such as soil degradation, collapse of houses, and destruction of access roads and silting of agricultural fields. For the study, the descriptive methodology was applied, associated with the cartographic method to better describe the reality, with the aid of the ArcGIS 10.8 Software and produced hypsometry, slope and soil map of the neighborhood. For a better description and characterization of the problem, the bibliographic method was applied. The research found that the 21 de Abril neighborhood is moderately vulnerable to rain erosion, due to its variation in hypsometry from 77 m to 138 m, and its slope that varies from 0.00% to 28.64%, and the type of soil that is susceptible to compaction and water infiltration. Therefore, informal environmental education can be used to increase community awareness through the mass media to update the risk areas, and non-formal education would allow awareness and mobilization of families for the reforestation of uncovered areas of vegetation, with plants that do not require much water and nutrients.