LEVANTAMENTO DE LAGARTAS (LEPIDOPTERA) NO  PARQUE RECREATIVO SUCUPIRA E COMPARAÇÃO DE INTERAÇÕES COM PLANTAS HOSPEDEIRAS NO CERRADO  DO BRASIL CENTRAL

Flávia  Nogueira de Sá; Adriana  Martins Onghero; Adriano  Silva de Paiva; Camilo José  B. de Lima; Carla  Silva Sousa; Denilson Marcos  Pereira da Silva; Diogo Victor  Alves de Oliveira; Isadora  Teixeira de Morais; Jéssica  Campos Sabino; Ravana  Marques de Souza; Tácito  Barbosa Trindade

doi:10.26512/2236-56562014e39973

Authors

Flávia Nogueira de Sá Professora Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina
Adriana Martins Onghero Estudante do curso de graduação em Ciências Naturais, Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina
Adriano Silva de Paiva Estudante do curso de graduação em Ciências Naturais, Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina
Camilo José B. de Lima Estudante do curso de graduação em Ciências Naturais, Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina
Carla Silva Sousa Estudante do curso de graduação em Gestão Ambiental, Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina.
Denilson Marcos Pereira da Silva Estudante do curso de graduação em Gestão Ambiental, Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina.
Diogo Victor Alves de Oliveira Estudante do curso de graduação em Ciências Naturais, Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina
Isadora Teixeira de Morais Estudante do curso de graduação em Gestão Ambiental, Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina.
Jéssica Campos Sabino Estudante do curso de graduação em Ciências Naturais, Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina
Ravana Marques de Souza Estudante do curso de graduação em Ciências Naturais, Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina
Tácito Barbosa Trindade Estudante do curso de graduação em Ciências Naturais, Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26512/2236-56562014e39973

Keywords:

savannah, conservation, caterpillars, host plants, species richness

Abstract

Brazilian Cerrado is considered an important area for environment conservation, due to its high species’ richness and endemism. Nevertheless, this biome has been intensely destroyed because of its potential for agriculture – of plants and animals. For this reason, it is important to have tools to evaluate quickly the effects of such threats on biological diversity. A type of approach that has been investigated lately is using ecological interactions, since species exclusion or a change on its abundance caused by human disturbance may cause co-extinctions. Therefore, getting to know different aspects on interactions between species may be the fi rst step to understand the stability of an ecosystem after such threats. So, in the present work the utilization of fi ve plant species by caterpillars (Lepidoptera) was surveyed in a urban park at Planaltina, Federal District. Since there is quite an extensive information on the ecology of these animals at the region, this work aimed to compare the amount of interactions between caterpillars and plants at the urban park with data in the literature, considering the situation at well-preserved areas. Besides, considering the level of integrity on interactions, it was also aimed to suggest how human visitation at the park threatens caterpillars. To this purpose, caterpillars were surveyed at fi ve host plants, Byrsonima coccolobifolia, Kielmeyera sp., Himathantus obovatus, Pouteria ramifl ora e Roupala montana, in June, when caterpillars are more abundant in the fi eld. Using the community structure that was found, it was estimated species richness at each host plant. It was found 32 caterpillar species. In four out of fi ve studied plants, the number of estimated species is not much lower than the ones at preserved areas. Only in R. montana it was not found a species richness as high as expected, by considering literature data. This work reinforces the application of rapid surveys for conservation actions and suggests that other groups of organism should be considered in the future to confi rm the preservation pattern of study area.

References

ANDRADE, I.; MORAIS, H.C.; DINIZ, I.R. & BERG, C. (1999) Richness and abundance of caterpillars on Byrsonima (Malpighiaceae) species in an area of cerrado vegetation in Central Brazil. Revista Biologia Tropical, v. 47, n. 4, p. 691- 95.

BENDICHO-LOPEZ, A.; MORAIS, H.C.; HAY, J.D. & DINIZ, I.R. (2006) Lepidópteros Folívoros em Roupala montana Aubl. (Proteaceae) no Cerrado Sensu Stricto. Neotropical Entomology, v. 35, n. 2, p.182-191.

BERNARD, E. (2008) Inventários Biológicos Rápidos no Parque Nacional Montanhas do Tumucumaque, Amapá, Brasil. Arlington: Conservation International, 151 p.

BROWN-JR, K.S. (1991) Conservation of neotropical environments: insect as indicators. In Collins, N.M. & THOMAS, J.A. (eds.), The Conservation of Insects and Their Habitats: London, Academic Press, San Diego. 350 - 404 pp.

BROWN-JR, K.S. (1997) Diversity, disturbance, and sustainable use of Neotropical forests: insects as indicators for conservation monitoring. Journal of Insect Conservation, v.1, n. 1, p. 25-42.

COLWELL, R. K. (2013) Estimates: Statistical estimation of species richness and shared species from samples. Versão 9. User’s Guide and application. In: http:// purl.oclc.org/estimates

DERRAIK, J.B.; CLOSS, G.P.; DICKINSON, K.J.M.; SIRVID, P.; BARRATT, B.I.P. & PATRICK, B.H. (2002) Arthropod Morphospecies versus Taxonomic Species: a Case Study with Araneae, Coleoptera, and Lepidoptera. Conservation Biology, v. 16, n. 4, p. 1015–1023.

DINIZ, I.R.; MORAIS, H.C. (1995) Larvas de Lepidoptera e suas plantas hospedeiras em um cerrado de Brasília, DF, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (Impresso), São Paulo, v. 39, n.4, p. 755-770.

DINIZ, I.R.; MORAIS, H.C. (1997) Lepidopteran caterpillar fauna of cerrado host plants. Biodiversity & Conservation, v. 6, n. 6, p. 817-83.

DINIZ, I.R.; MORAIS, H.C. (2005) Abundância e amplitude de dieta de lagartas (Lepidoptera) no cerrado de Brasília (DF). Brasília: p. 307-315. In Scariot, A.; Sousa-Silva, J. C. & Felfi li, J.M. (orgs.) CERRADO: Ecologia, Biodiversidade e Conservação. Ministério Meio Ambiente, Brasília, 305 – 318 pp.

DINIZ, I.R.; MORAIS, H.C.; BOTELHO, A.M.F.; VENTUROLI, F. & CABRAL, B.C. (1999) Lepidopteran caterpillar fauna on lactiferous host plants in the central Brazilian cerrado. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, v. 59, n. 4, p. 627-635.

DINIZ, I.R.; HIGGINS, B.; MORAIS, H.C. (2011) How do frequent fi res in the Cerrado alter the lepidopteran community? Biodiversity & Conservation, v. 20, n. 7, p. 1415-1426.

DINIZ, I.R.; HAY, J.D.; RICO-GRAY, V.; GREENEY, H.F. & MORAIS, H.C. (2012) Shelter-building caterpillars in the cerrado: seasonal variation in relative abundance, parasitism, and the infl uence of extra-fl oral nectaries . Arthropod-plant Interactions, v. 6, n. 4, p. 583-589.

DINIZ, I.R.; BRAGA, L.; LEPESQUEUR, C.; SILVA, N. & MORAIS, H. (2013) Lagartas do Cerrado. Guia de Campo. 1ª Edição, Technical Books Editora. Rio de Janeiro. 215 p.

DUNNE, J.A.; WILLIAMS, R.J. & MARTINEZ, N.D. (2002) Network structure and biodiversity loss in food webs: robustness increases with connectance. Ecology Letters, v. 5, n. 4, p. 558-567.

FELFILI, M.C.; FELFILI, J.M. (2001) Diversidade alfa e beta no cerrado sensu stricto da chapada pratinha, brasil. Acta Botânica Brasílica, v. 15, n. 2, p. 243-254.

FELFILI, J.M.; SILVA-JR., M.C.; REZENDE, A.V.; MACHADO, J.W.B.; WALTER, B.M.T.; SILVA, P.E.N.; HAY, J.D. (1992) Análise compara t1v a da fl orístlca e fi tossociologia da vegetação arbórea do cerrado sensu stricto na Chapada Pratinha, DF - Brasil. Acta Botanica Brasilica v. 6, n. 2, p. 27 – 46.

FELFILI, j.m.; ILVA-Jr., C.M.; Mendonça, R.C.; Fagg, C.W.; Filgueiras, T.S. & Mecenas, V.V. (2006) Fitofi sionomias e fl ora. In. Fonseca, F.O. (org.) Aguas emendadas. SEDUMA, Brasilia, 542 p.

FORTUNA, M.A. & BASCOMPTE, J. (2006) Habitat loss and the structure of plantanimal mutualistic networks. Ecology Letters, v. 9, n. 3, p. 281-286.

FREITAS, A.V.L; CAMARGO, A.; ISERHARD, C.A.; ACCACIO, G.M.; ROMANOWSKI, H.P.; GALINKIN, J.; BROWN JR, H.S.; DUARTE, M.; UEHARA-PRADO, M.; CARDOSO, M.Z.; CASAGRANDE, M.M.; MIELKE, O.H.H.; MARIMI FILHO, O.J.; MONTEIRO, R.F.; HONEGGER, R.W.H. & OVERAL, W.L. (2011) Plano de ação nacional para a conservação dos Lepidópteros. Organizadores: André Victor Lucci Freitas, Onildo João Marini-Filho. Brasília: Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Icmbio, 64 p.

GOTELLI, N.J. & COLWELL, R.K. (2011) Estimating species richness. In Magurran, A.E. & MacGill, B.J. (eds). Biological diversity rontiers in measurements and assessment. Oxford University Press, Wiltshire, 39 - 54 p.

HUGHES, J.B.; HELMANN, J.J.; RICKETTS, T.H. & BOHANNAN, B.J.M. (2001) Counting the Uncountable: Statistical Approaches to Estimating Microbial Diversity. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v.67, n.10, p. 4399 – 4406.

JORDANO, P.; GALETTI, M.; PIZO, M.A. & SILVA, W.R. (2006) Ligando Frugivoria e Dispersão de sementes à biologia da conservação. In DUARTE, C.F., BERGALLO, H.G., DOS SANTOS, M.A. & VAL, A.E. (eds.). Biologia da conservação: essências. Editorial Rima, São Paulo. 411-436 pp.

KREMEN, C.; WILLIAMS, N.M.; AIZEN, M.A.; GEMMIL-HERREN, B.; LEBUHN, G.; MINCKLEY, R.; PACKER, L.; POTTS, S.G.; ROULSTON, T.; STEFFANDEWENTER, I.; VAZQUEZ, D.P.; WINFREE, R.; ADAMS, L.; CRONE, E.E.; GREENLEAF, S.S.; KEITT, T.H.; KLEIN, A.M.; REGETZ, J. & RICKETTS, T.H. (2007) Pollination and other ecosystem services produced by mobile organisms: a conceptual framework for the effects of land-use change. Ecology Letters, v. 10, n. 4, p. 299–314.

KITCHING, R.L.; ORR, A.G.; THALIB, L.; MITCHELL, H.; HOPKINS, M.S. & GRAHAM, A.W. (2000) Moths assemblages as indicators of environmental quality in remants of upland Australian rain forst. Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 37, n. 2, p. 284-297.

KLINK, C.A. & MACHADO, R.B (2005) Conservation of the Brazilian Cerrado. Conservation Biology, v. 19, n. 3, p. 707 -713.

MARINI, L.; BRUUN, H.H.; HEIKKINEN, R.K.; HELM, A.; HONNAY, O.; KRAUSS, J.; KUHN, I.; LINDBORG, R.; PARTEL, M.; BOMMARCO, R. (2012) Traits related to species persistence and dispersal explain changes in plant communities subjected to habitat loss. Diversity and Distributions, v. 18, n. 9, p. 898–908.

MARQUIS, R. J.; MORAIS, H. C. & DINIZ, I.R. (2002) Interactions among Cerrado plants and their herbivores: unique or typical? In Oliveira, P. S. O. & Marquis, R. J. (eds.) The cerrados of Brazil : ecology and natural history of a neotropical Savana. Columbia University Press, Nova Iorque, 306 -328 pp.

MEDEIROS, H.R. & TOREZAN, J.M. (2013) Evaluating the ecological integrity of Atlantic forest remnants by using rapid ecological assessment. Environmental monitoring and assessment, v.185, n. 5, p. 4373-4382.

MORAIS, H.C.; DINIZ, I.R. & SILVA, D.M.S. (1999) Caterpillar seasonality in a central Brazilian cerrado. Revista de Biologia Tropical, v. 47, n. 4, p.1025-1033.

MORAIS, H.C.; CABRAL, B.C.; MANGABEIRA, J.A.; DINIZ, I.R. (2007) Temporal and spatial variation of Stenoma cathosiota Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae) caterpillar abundance in the cerrado of Brasilia, Brazil. Neotropical Entomology, v. 36, n. 6, p. 843-847.

MYERS, N.; MITTERMEIER, R.A.; MITTERMEIER, C.G.; FONSECA, G.A.B. & KENT, J. (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature, v.403, p. 853-858.

OLIVER, I. & BEATTIE, A. J. (1996) Invertebrate Morphospecies as Surrogates for Species: A Case Study. Conservation Biology, v. 10, n. 1, p. 99-109.

OLIVEIRA-FILHO, A. & RATTER, J. A. (2002) Vegetation Physiognomies and Woody Flora of the Cerrado Biome. In Oliveira, P. S. O. & Marquis, R. J. (eds.) The cerrados of Brazil : ecology and natural history of a neotropical Savana. Columbia University Press, Nova Iorque, 91 -120 pp.

PALMER, T.M.; STANTON, M.L.; YOUNG, T.P.; GOHEEN, J.R.; PRINGLE, R.M.; KARBAN, R. (2008) Breakdown of an ant-plant mutualism follows the loss of large herbivores from an African savanna. Science, v. 319, p. 192-195.

PESSOA-QUEIROZ, R.; MORAIS, H.C.; DINIZ, I.R. (2008) Abundance and temporal distribution of Gonioterma exquisita Duckworth (Lepidoptera, Elachistidae, Stenomatinae) on Byrsonima pachyphylla Griseb. (Malpighiaceae) in the Brazilian cerrado. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, v. 52, n.1, p. 62-67.

PRICE, P.W.; DINIZ, I.R.; MORAIS, H.C. & MARQUES, E.S.A. (1995) The abundance of insect herbivore species in the tropics: the high local richness of rare species. Biotropica, v.27, n. 4, p. 468-478.

PINHEIRO, C.E.G.; MALINOV, I.K.; EMERY, E.O. & SCHMIDT, K. (2010) Endemismos e conservação de borboletas (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea e Hesperioidea) no bioma Cerrado. In DINIZ, I.R.; MARINHO-FILHO, J.; MACHADO, R.B. & CAVALCANTI, R.B. (orgs.) Cerrado - conhecimento científi co quantitativo como subsídio para ações de conservação. Brasília: Thesaurus, 223 – 238 pp.

RESTREPO, C.; GOMEZ, N. (1998) Responses of understory birds to anthropogenic edges in a Neotropical montane forest. Ecological Applications, v. 8, n. 1, p. 170–183.

RODOVALHO, S.R. & DINIZ, I.R. (2010) Registro e distribuicao das especies de Limacodidae (Lepidoptera) no Cerrado In: DINIZ, I.R.; MARINHO-FILHO, J.; MACHADO, R.B. & CAVALCANTI, R.B. (orgs.) Cerrado - conhecimento científi co quantitativo como subsídio para ações de conservação. Brasília: Thesaurus, 239 – 254 pp.

THOMPSON, J.N. (1999) Specific Hypotheses on the Geographic Mosaic of Coevolution. The American Naturalist, v.153, p. 1-14.