Un planeta, pero no solo - la ontología como compromiso
Main Article Content
Abstract
El Antropoceno exige que repensemos la Tierra como una entidad dinámica y en disputa. La autora explora las tensiones entre el colapso ecológico mundial –“un universal negativo”– y el imperativo de honrar las ontologías diversas de los pueblos extra-modernos. Criticando el universalismo colonial, aboga en cambio por un pluriverso: un mundo en el que coexisten múltiples mundos a través de la interdependencia. En diálogo con el «giro ontológico» de la antropología, que revela realidades irreductibles a los marcos occidentales, se nos insta a defender la posibilidad de la solidaridad por encima de la mera tolerancia. Este artículo, situado al interior de las tensiones contemporáneas entre el universalismo de Un-Mundo-Único y las Ontologías Múltiples, nos invita a repensar, mediante la noción de compromiso, los fundamentos políticos, científicos y éticos de nuestra época – antes de que las fracturas del Antropoceno se vuelvan irreversibles. [traducción personal de la presentación del texto en Les Temps qui restent, 5, Primavera (abril-junio) 2025] #antropología, #cosmopolítica, #compromiso, #universalismo, #ontología, #decolonial.
Downloads
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors maintain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, the work being simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which allows the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are authorized to take additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg publish in institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes as well as increase the impact and the citation of the published work.
References
BERTELSEN, Bjørn Enge; BENDIXSEN, Synnøve. Recalibrating, alterity, difference, ontology. In: BERTELSEN, B.E; BENDIXSEN, S. (Org.). Critical Anthropological Engagements in Human Alterity and Difference. Londres: Palgrave MacMillan, 2016, p. 1-40.
BLASER, Mario; DE LA CADENA, Marisol. The Uncommons: An Introduction. Anthropologica, v. 59, n. 2, p. 185-193, 2017.
CHAKRABARTY, Dipesh. The Climate of History: Four Theses. Critical Inquiry, v. 35, p. 197-222, 2009.
COSTA, Alyne. One Planet, but not Only – Ontology as a Matter of Commitment. Les Temps qui restent, n. 5, abr.-jun., 2025.
DE LA CADENA, Marisol. The Politics of Modern Politics Meets Ethnographies of Excess through Ontological Openings: Fieldsights - Theorizing the Contemporary. Cultural Anthropology Online, 12 de janeiro de 2014. Disponible en : <https://culanth.org/>.
DEBAISE, Didier; STENGERS, Isabelle. An ecology of trust? Consenting to a pluralist Universe. The Sociological Review Monographs, v. 70, n. 2, p. 402-415, 2022.
EJÉRCITO ZAPATISTA DE LIBERACIÓN NACIONAL (EZLN). Cuarta Declaración de la Selva Lacandona. 1 de janeiro de 1996. Disponible en: <https://enlacezapatista.ezln.org.mx/1996/01/01/cuarta-declaracion-de-la-selva-lacandona/>. Consultado el 22 de abril de 2026.
FERDINAND, Malcolm. Une écologie décoloniale. Penser l’écologie depuis le monde caribéen. Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 2019.
HARAWAY, Donna. When Species Meet. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008.
HARAWAY, Donna. Staying with the Trouble: Making Kin in the Chthulucene. Durham y Londres: Duke University Press, 2016.
KHON, Eduardo. Anthropology of ontologies. Annual Review of Anthropology, v. 44, p. 311-327, 2015.
LATOUR, Bruno. We Have Never Been Modern. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1993.
MANIGLIER, Patrice. Le philosophe, la Terre et le virus: Bruno Latour expliqué par l’actualité. Paris: Les Liens qui libèrent, 2021.
MANIGLIER, Patrice. How Many Earths? The geological turn of anthropology. The Otherwise, n. 1, p. 61-75, 2020.
ONLINE ETYMOLOGY DICTIONARY. Compromittere. (s.f.). Disponible en: <https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=compromittere>.
PIGNARRE, Philippe ; STENGERS, Isabelle. La sorcellerie capitaliste : Pratiques de Désenvoûtement. Paris: La Découverte, 2005.
POVINELLI, Elizabeth. Geontologies: A Requiem to Late Liberalism. Durham: Duke University Press, 2016.
REED, Patricia. The end of a world and its pedagogies. Making and Breaking, n. 02, p. 1, 2021.
STENGERS, Isabelle. Cosmopolitics [vol. II]. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2011.
STENGERS, Isabelle. La proposition cosmopolitique. In: LOLIVE, Jacques; SOUBEYRAN, Olivier (Org.). L’émergence des Cosmopolitiques. Paris: La Découverte, 2007, p. 45-68.
STENGERS, Isabelle. Reclaiming Animism. e-flux Journal, n. 36, julho de 2012. Disponible en : <https://www.e-flux.com/journal/36/61245/reclaiming-animism/>.
STENGERS, Isabelle. The challenge of ontological politics. In: DE LA CADENA, Marisol; BLASER, Mario (Org.). A World of Many Worlds. Durham e Londres: Duke University Press, 2018, p. 83-111.
STENGERS, Isabelle. We are divided. e-flux journal, n. 114, dezembro de 2020. Disponible en: <https://www.e-flux.com/journal/114/366189/we-are-divided/>.
TSING, Anna L.; MATHEWS, Andrew; BUDANDT, Nils. Patchy Anthropocene: Landscape Structure, Multispecies History, and the Retooling of Anthropology. Current Anthropology, v. 60, supl. 20, p. 186-197, 2019.
VIVEIROS DE CASTRO, Eduardo. ‘Transformação’ na antropologia, transformação da ‘antropologia’. Mana, v. 18, n. 1, p. 151-171, 2012.
VIVEIROS DE CASTRO, Eduardo. Who is afraid of the ontological wolf? Some comments on an ongoing anthropological debate. Annual Marilyn Strathern Lecture, CUSAS, 30 de maio de 2014.