Law, State and Telecommunications Review
type: channel
description: La Revista de Derecho, Estado y Telecomunicaciones de la Universidad de Brasilia tiene por misión la publicación de artículos sobre telecomunicaciones y comunicaciones en general con enfoque en política pública y regulación de los servicios y derechos de comunicación, servicios y derechos de telecomunicaciones, servicios y derechos apoyados en internet tales como el derecho a la comunicación, la publicación, el intercambio privado, la creación de plataformas de comunicación y otros temas relacionados, como la privacidad, la propiedad intelectual, el acceso universal, la convergencia, la regulación de satélite, la órbita y el espectro radioeléctrico, el otorgamiento de las telecomunicaciones , diseño regulatorio, agencias independientes, desregulación, comercio electrónico, big data, neutralidad de red y así sucesivamente, con énfasis en experiencias nacionales e internacionales a partir de teorías regulatorias. La Revista de Derecho, Estado de Telecomunicaciones y está abierta para el envío de artículos en portugués, inglés o español durante todo el año. La Revista adopta la revisión doble ciego por pares, apoyado en los criterios de calidad del contenido (sólo se aceptan artículos originales, que deben ser sometidos exclusivamente por este sitio electrónico de la Biblioteca Central de la Universidad de Brasilia (10%), relevancia teórica o práctica (10%), originalidad (10%), adecuación a la temática de la Revista (10%), presentación del trabajo (10%), recomendación general del especialista revisor (50%). No hay cobro de valores por el proceso de evaluación, sumisión o publicación de los artículos. Los autores mantienen los derechos de autor y de publicación de sus artículos sin restricciones. La Revista adopta el formato ABNT NBR (Asociación Brasileña de Normas Técnicas) para citas y referencias bibliográficas y el modelo de resúmenes estructurados, mediante clara indicación del propósito, metodología / abordaje / diseño, resultados, implicaciones prácticas y origin…
publisher: Núcleo de Direito Setorial e Regulatório - Faculdade de Direito - Universidade de Brasília
language: en
publication name: Law, State and Telecommunications Review
issn: 1984-9729
copyright: Al enviar este documento a la Revista de Derecho, Estado y Telecomunicaciones, declaro que estoy aceptando los términos de Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
items: A (falta de) capacidade distintiva dos nomes de domínio à luz do ordenamento jurídico português
items: Sumario
items: Journal Info
items: Digital Transformation in Spain
items: Problems of Legal Protection of Trademarks on the Internet
items: Programmed Elections
items: Hacia una regulación ética y sostenible de la inteligencia artificial en Colombia
items: Latest Criminalistic Tools and Technologies in the Investigation of Cybercrimes: International and Ukrainian Experience
items: Protection of Victims of Cybercrime in the Era of Industrial Technology 4.0
items: Comparative Legal Analysis of Electronic Services Provided by Government Agencies to Citizens and Legal Entities
items: Mitigating Security Threats in the Sharing of Medical Data
items: AI and Telecommunication Privacy
items: El derecho a la intimidad en la era digital
items: Potential and Opportunities for Using Big Data in Public Administration
items: Analysis of the Impact of Digital Transformation of the Legal Field on Data Cybersecurity
items: Legal Regulation of Issues of Intellectual Power Created by Artificial Intelligence
items: Addressing the Legal Gaps in AI Regulation for National Security: The Case of Ukraine's Defense Sector
items: Problems and Prospects of Digitalisation in the Field of Jurisprudence to Ensure Cyber Protection of Information
items: Digital transformation in the legal sector
items: Los recursos audiovisuales en los medios de comunicación y su papel en la enseñanza del Derecho
items: Leveraging AI-Evidence in Money Laundering Cases in Mexico
items: Cyberbullying and Internet Crimes
items: Escalation of Terrorism in the Sahel Region and Information and Communication Technology, 2018-2023
items: Ethics in E-Commerce
items: Imagined Citizenship
items: Digitalisation in Civil Law

A (falta de) capacidade distintiva dos nomes de domínio à luz do ordenamento jurídico português
type: item
description: [Purpose] The text addresses the admissibility of registering domain names without distinctiveness, in particular generic and descriptive expressions. In this way, it seeks to deepen the debate on the classification of domain names as atypical distinctive signs, helping to clarify the issue of exclusivity associated with it. [Methodology] Analysis of the Regras de Registo de Nomes de Domínio de .PT, as well as the relevant doctrine and case law on domain names. Comparison with the legal framework of trademarks and trade names, which are paradigmatic examples of typical distinctive signs. [Findings] The registration of domain names without distinctiveness constitutes a restriction on freedom of competition, contrary to the requirement of availability. It also encourages speculative and abusive behaviour, which may constitute unfair competition.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Internet. Domain names. Exclusivity. Distinctiveness. Unfair competition.
  topic: keywords
creator: Ana Clara Azevedo de Amorim
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 300
ending page: 318
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.59881

Sumario
type: item
description: Nos complace presentar una diversa colección de artículos que profundizan en el impacto de la transformación digital en el campo legal sobre la ciberseguridad de datos, problemas y perspectivas de la digitalización en el campo de la jurisprudencia para garantizar la protección cibernética de la información, abordar las brechas legales en la regulación de la IA para la seguridad nacional en el sector de defensa de Ucrania, IA y privacidad en telecomunicaciones con protecciones legales contra la vigilancia algorítmica, mitigar amenazas de seguridad en el intercambio de datos médicos, regulación ética y sostenible de la inteligencia artificial en Colombia, análisis legal comparativo de servicios electrónicos proporcionados por agencias gubernamentales a ciudadanos y entidades legales, herramientas y tecnologías criminalísticas más recientes en la investigación de ciberdelitos: experiencia internacional y ucraniana, problemas de protección legal de marcas en internet: un estudio de caso de Kazajistán, protección de víctimas de ciberdelitos en la era de la Tecnología Industrial 4.0, el derecho a la intimidad en la era digital: una visión desde la aplicación de la vigilancia electrónica en el proceso penal cubano, el impacto de la inteligencia artificial en los procesos electorales.
subject: Consejo Editorial, Revisores Ciegos, Carta del Editor, Sumario
  topic: section
subject: sumario
  topic: keywords
creator: Consejo Editorial
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Revista de Direito, Estado e Telecomunicações http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: i
ending page: xiii

Journal Info
type: item
description: Journal Info DOI: https://doi.org/10.26512/lstr.v17i2 Scopus Q2 (CiteScore rank 2024 51st, CiteScore 2024 1.1, SJR 2024 0.172, SNIP 2024 0.537) Editor: Prof. Marcio Iorio Aranha (University of Brasilia, BRAZIL) Editorial Board: Prof. Marcio Iorio Aranha (University of Brasilia – BRAZIL), Prof. André Rossi (Utah Valley University - USA), Prof. Ana Frazao (Universidade de Brasilia - BRAZIL), Prof. Clara Luz Alvarez (Universidad Panamericana - MEXICO), Prof. Diego Cardona (Universidad de Rosario - COLOMBIA), Prof. Flavia M. S. Oliveira (Universidade de Brasilia - BRAZIL) Prof. Francisco Sierra Caballero (Universidad de Sevilla - SPAIN), Prof. Fabio Bassan (Universitá degli Studi Roma Tre - ITALIA), Prof. Hernán Galperin (University of Southern California - USA), Prof. Jerônimo Siqueira Tybusch (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - BRAZIL), Prof. João Alberto de Oliveira Lima (Universidade do Legislativo Brasileiro - BRAZIL), Prof. Judith Mariscal (CIDE - MEXICO), Prof. Liliana Ruiz de Alonso (Universidad San Martín de Porres - PERU), Prof. Lucas Sierra (Universidad de Chile - CHILE), Prof. Luís Fernando Ramos Molinaro (Universidade de Brasília - BRAZIL), Prof. Murilo César Ramos (Universidade de Brasília - BRAZIL), Prof. Raúl Katz (Columbia University - USA), Prof. Roberto Muñoz (Universidad Técnica - CHILE). ISSN: 1984-9729 EISSN: 1984-8161 Periodicity: Annual issues uninterrupted since May 2009 and two annual issues in May and October uninterrupted since May 2018. Mission/Scope/Focus: http://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/RDET/about Submission process: Authors are requested to submit their papers following the instructions at http://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/RDET/about/submissions. The journal adopts the double-blind peer review process. Archiving policy: LOCKSS-CARINIANA, DOAJ and Brazil’s Senate Library. Indexation: SCOPUS (Elsevier); CROSSREF; ROAD; THE KEEPERS; LATINDEX (28283); EBSCOhost research databases (EBSCO Publishing Inc.); Gale Group; AE Global Index; OA…
subject: Datos de la Publicación
  topic: section
subject: journal info
  topic: keywords
creator: Consejo Editorial
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Revista de Direito, Estado e Telecomunicações http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 407
ending page: 408

Digital Transformation in Spain
type: item
description: [Purpose] This article examines the evolving role of the Spanish government in national digital transformation strategies, especially in the context of post-COVID-19 recovery and European digital policy frameworks. [Methodology/approach/design] The study employs a mixed-methods, single-case study design that integrates qualitative content analysis with semi-automated quantitative content analysis using the R programming language. It systematically analyzes national strategy documents to uncover the government’s role in digitalization policies over time. [Findings] The findings reveal a marked evolution in Spain’s digitalization strategies from early infrastructure-oriented initiatives toward a more comprehensive, cross-cutting approach led by central government institutions. Recent strategies, such as Digital Spain 2025 and 2026, reflect a growing emphasis on public investment and multi-level governance and a shift from hierarchical control to collaborative public-private frameworks. The government increasingly assumes a dual role as both regulator and innovation facilitator. [Practical implications] The study provides actionable insights for policymakers, highlighting how state-driven strategies can integrate public-private collaboration, prioritize digital inclusion, and align with broader EU objectives. It also illustrates the utility of content analysis tools in digital policy evaluation. [Originality/value] This research contributes to the literature on digital governance by offering a longitudinal analysis of Spain’s digital strategies and proposing a conceptual framework for understanding government roles in digital transformation. It reveals how the Spanish state combines hierarchical mechanisms with networked governance models to drive national digitalization.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Digital transformation. Digitalization Strategies. Entrepreneurial State. European Union. Public-Private Collaboration. Spain.
  topic: keywords
creator: Roberto García Alonso
creator: Ulf Thoene
creator: Diego Eduardo Dávila Benavides
creator: Francisco Andrés Perez
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 343
ending page: 373
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.58652

Problems of Legal Protection of Trademarks on the Internet
type: item
description: [Purpose] The study aims to assess the existing legal mechanisms for the protection of trademarks on the Internet in Kazakhstan to identify their shortcomings and develop proposals for their improvement. [Methodology/approach/design] The study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the Civil Code of Kazakhstan and Law No. 456-I “On Trademarks, Service Marks, and Appellations of Origin” using the formal legal method, assessed digital threats through a technology audit, and compared international approaches to trademark protection. [Findings] The main results of the study revealed the problems associated with the protection of trademarks in the Internet environment. Significant gaps in national legislation that hinder the effective suppression of online trademark infringement were identified. A comparative analysis of the legal systems of the United States, China, Germany and France showed that the approaches to intellectual property protection in Kazakhstan differ significantly from international standards, making it difficult for right holders to enforce their rights outside the country. The study also showed that existing enforcement mechanisms are often ineffective in the digital environment, where the distribution of content and anonymity of users create additional challenges. Based on these findings, recommendations were made to improve trademark protection in Kazakhstan, emphasizing the development of more adaptive legal instruments for the digital age. [Practical implications] The article highlights gaps in Kazakhstan's trademark protection and suggests legal reforms and tech innovations to improve enforcement and ensure fair competition. [Originality/value] This paper highlights deficiencies in Kazakhstan's digital trademark protection and proposes innovative solutions, offering valuable guidance for policymakers and businesses.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Intellectual Property. Brand. Blockchain. Adaptation of Legislation. Counterfeiting. Digital Environment.
  topic: keywords
creator: Gaziza Kalmyrza
creator: Gulnaz Alayeva
creator: Karlygash Jumabayeva
creator: Aigerim Aralbaeva
creator: Aliya Koshkinbayeva
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 236
ending page: 262
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.56805

Programmed Elections
type: item
description: [Purpose] This study analyzes the impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the integrity of the electoral process. [Methodology/approach/design] It employs a multidisciplinary approach that integrates Law, Behavioral Economics, and Nonviolent Communication (NVC) to investigate how AI amplifies electoral manipulation by exploiting voter cognitive biases. [Findings] The paper assesses the risks of regulation, such as censorship and political instrumentalization, and concludes that the technology represents a rupture with historical manipulation tactics due to its scale and precision. [Practical implications] The findings suggest the solution transcends the mere prohibition of AI use and development, and should instead focus on voter empowerment through transparency and education. [Originality/value] Finally, the paper's originality lies in its adoption of Behavioral Economics as an analytical framework for AI's influence and in the innovative application of NVC to develop informational filters that assist communication, thereby strengthening voter autonomy.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Generative artificial intelligence. Electoral process. Algorithmic manipulation. Behavioral economics. Nonviolent communication.
  topic: keywords
creator: Alexandre Rosa Lopes
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 319
ending page: 342
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.58550

Hacia una regulación ética y sostenible de la inteligencia artificial en Colombia
type: item
description: [Objetivo] El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar críticamente el proyecto de ley "por medio del cual se regula la inteligencia artificial en Colombia para garantizar su desarrollo ético y sostenible". propuesto el 7 de mayo de 2025, que busca armonizar la innovación tecnológica con la protección de derechos fundamentales y el desarrollo sostenible. [Metodología] Para lograr el objetivo, se usó una metodología cualitativa de análisis documental, centrada en el proyecto de ley. Esta se complementó con literatura académica, informes de la OCDE/UNESCO y marcos comparativos, hallados mediante búsquedas estratégicas (bases de datos, palabras clave, booleanos). Los documentos se analizaron críticamente, contrastándolos con referentes internacionales, para sintetizar factores críticos, desafíos e impacto en Colombia. [Resultados] Se demuestra que, aunque el proyecto presenta una estructura robusta alineada con estándares internacionales, su éxito dependerá de superar desafíos, capacidad institucional y adaptación al contexto nacional. Los resultados además destacan fortalezas como el enfoque basado en riesgos y principios éticos, pero también señalan retos cruciales en definiciones, financiación, y en la garantía de otros derechos e intereses reconocidos. La principal conclusión es que el proyecto es un hito valioso para Colombia. No obstante, la materialización de un futuro digital ético e inclusivo mediante la inteligencia artificial exige una implementación cuidadosa, financiación adecuada, voluntad política y participación social activa, para asegurar que la adaptación de modelos internacionales sea efectiva y beneficie a toda la sociedad colombiana.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Inteligencia artificial. Colombia. Proyecto de Ley. Regulación sostenible. Ética.
  topic: keywords
creator: Iván Vargas Chaves
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 152
ending page: 176
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.58153

Sumario
type: item
description: Nos complace presentar una diversa colección de artículos que abordan temas como el derecho a la desconexión del trabajador en Portugal, la prevención del ciberdelito en los países árabes, la propiedad digital, la identidad y la acción en el sudeste asiático, la reputación digital en el Derecho Civil, las pruebas basadas en inteligencia artificial en casos de lavado de dinero en México, la inteligencia artificial en el ciberespacio, la ética en el comercio electrónico a través de la autorregulación, el terrorismo en la región del Sahel y las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, la enseñanza del derecho mediante medios audiovisuales, el ciberacoso y los delitos informáticos que involucran a personas con trastornos mentales, y la transformación digital en el sector jurídico.
subject: Consejo Editorial, Revisores Ciegos, Carta del Editor, Sumario
  topic: section
subject: sumario
  topic: keywords
creator: Consejo Editorial
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: i
ending page: xiii

Journal Info
type: item
description: DOI: https://doi.org/10.26512/lstr.v17i1 SCOPUS Q3 - MIAR Index 9.6 - SJR H-Index 4 Editor: Prof. Marcio Iorio Aranha (University of Brasilia, BRAZIL) Editorial Board: Prof. Marcio Iorio Aranha (University of Brasilia – BRAZIL), Prof. André Rossi (Utah Valley University - USA), Prof. Ana Frazao (Universidade de Brasilia - BRAZIL), Prof. Clara Luz Alvarez (Universidad Panamericana - MEXICO), Prof. Diego Cardona (Universidad de Rosario - COLOMBIA), Prof. Flavia M. S. Oliveira (Universidade de Brasilia - BRAZIL) Prof. Francisco Sierra Caballero (Universidad de Sevilla - SPAIN), Prof. Fabio Bassan (Universitá degli Studi Roma Tre - ITALIA), Prof. Hernán Galperin (University of Southern California - USA), Prof. Jerônimo Siqueira Tybusch (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - BRAZIL), Prof. João Alberto de Oliveira Lima (Universidade do Legislativo Brasileiro - BRAZIL), Prof. Judith Mariscal (CIDE - MEXICO), Prof. Liliana Ruiz de Alonso (Universidad San Martín de Porres - PERU), Prof. Lucas Sierra (Universidad de Chile - CHILE), Prof. Luís Fernando Ramos Molinaro (Universidade de Brasília - BRAZIL), Prof. Murilo César Ramos (Universidade de Brasília - BRAZIL), Prof. Raúl Katz (Columbia University - USA), Prof. Roberto Muñoz (Universidad Técnica - CHILE). ISSN: 1984-9729 EISSN: 1984-8161 Periodicity: Annual issues uninterrupted since May 2009 and two annual issues in May and October uninterrupted since May 2018. Mission/Scope/Focus: http://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/RDET/about Submission process: Authors are requested to submit their papers following the instructions at http://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/RDET/about/submissions. The journal adopts the double-blind peer review process. Archiving policy: LOCKSS-CARINIANA, DOAJ and Brazil’s Senate Library. Indexation: SCOPUS (Elsevier); CROSSREF; ROAD; THE KEEPERS; LATINDEX (28283); EBSCOhost research databases (EBSCO Publishing Inc.); Gale Group; AE Global Index; OAI (Open Archives Initiative) - DOAJ (Directory of Open Acces…
subject: Datos de la Publicación
  topic: section
subject: journal info
  topic: keywords
creator: Consejo Editorial
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: 272
ending page: 273

Latest Criminalistic Tools and Technologies in the Investigation of Cybercrimes: International and Ukrainian Experience
type: item
description: [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine promising technologies for investigating cybercrime based on international experience. [Methodology/approach/design] The study employed comparative legal analysis to assess various legal systems and practices, focusing on the integration of specialized knowledge in cybercrime investigations, with particular attention to European countries. [Findings] The findings highlight the growing role of automation, digitalization, and artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing the efficiency of criminal investigations. These technologies are increasingly used in the pre-trial and court processes, improving the effectiveness of detecting, investigating, and preventing cybercrimes. The study emphasizes the transnational nature of cybercrime and the importance of international cooperation in addressing the challenges posed by the digital environment. The use of criminalistic tools, such as EnCase™ Forensic, AccessData FTK Imager, and IBM i2 Analyst’s Notebook, has proven critical in advancing forensic science, particularly in the collection and analysis of digital evidence. Despite challenges, including martial law and limited resources in Ukraine, the study advocates for the adaptation of international best practices to improve the country’s cybersecurity framework. [Practical implications] Such a comprehensive approach to these issues ensures the efficiency and effectiveness of criminal justice tasks, considering international standards and the Ukrainian reality of the current military situation.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Martial Law. Digital Environment. Special Knowledge. Artificial Intelligence. Forensic Examination. Digital Technologies. Criminalistic Innovations. Criminal Proceedings. Digital Traces. Digital Forensics. Criminalistic Methodics. Cyber Forensics.
creator: Viktor Shevchuk
creator: Oleg Bululukov
creator: Hennadii Chornyi
creator: Olha Tyshchenko
creator: Vasyl Baranchuk
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 207
ending page: 235
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.55927

Protection of Victims of Cybercrime in the Era of Industrial Technology 4.0
type: item
description: [Purpose] To ascertain and examine the legal protection available to victims of cybercrime in the context of the advent of Industrial Technology 4.0. [Methodology/approach/design] This paper employs a normative legal research method, utilising a literature study approach to examine the relevant laws, books and journals pertaining to this study. In Indonesia, positive law regulates all acts that are considered deviant and in need of legal regulation, including cybercrime. The prevalence and diversity of cybercrime are on the rise, with perpetrators targeting an increasing number of victims. [Findings] Legal protection for victims of cybercrime in the context of industrial technology 4.0 is enshrined in various legislative instruments. Nevertheless, despite this legal framework, the evolving nature of cybercrime necessitates a more robust approach to ensure that victims are adequately safeguarded.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Cybercrime. Legal Protection. Victims. Industrial Technology 4.0. Legal Arrangements.
  topic: keywords
creator: Gde Made Swardhana
creator: Sagung Putri M.E. Purwani
creator: Danial Kelly
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 263
ending page: 280
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.56952

Comparative Legal Analysis of Electronic Services Provided by Government Agencies to Citizens and Legal Entities
type: item
description: [Purpose] The purpose of the study was to analyse the regulatory framework governing the provision of e-services in Finland, Estonia, the United States of America and the Kyrgyz Republic. [Methodology/approach/design] The quality of e-service provision in the countries was compared based on the Network Readiness Index (NRI) of 2023, in which the United States was ranked 1, Finland – 4, and Estonia and the Kyrgyz Republic – 22 and 94, respectively. [Findings] It was found that the widespread adoption of e-services is one of the key factors contributing to a country's economic development, as it enhances management efficiency and attracts both investors and specialists. However, such adoption depends significantly on government involvement, particularly through financial support for digital initiatives and the establishment of a robust legal and regulatory environment. The analysis reveals that Estonia, Finland, and the United States are actively working toward creating universal regulatory standards to ensure the quality, accessibility, and security of e-services. In contrast, the Kyrgyz Republic lacks a sufficiently modern and comprehensive legal infrastructure, which hinders the effective regulation and development of electronic services. [Practical implications] Therefore, it was recommended to increase state support for e-services by increasing funding for this sector and revising the current legislation taking into account the successful experience of other countries in Europe and around the world. It was suggested to implement the proposed transformations using the Kurt Lewin model.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Digitalization of Space. Network Readiness Index. Digital Divide. Kurt Lewin's Transformation Model. Legislative Initiatives.
  topic: keywords
creator: Gulsara Kuldysheva
creator: Shailoobek Paraidin uulu
creator: Niiazbek Pazylov
creator: Shyrmanhan Bakirova
creator: Gulzat Omorova
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 177
ending page: 206
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.57817

Mitigating Security Threats in the Sharing of Medical Data
type: item
description: [Purpose] The medical field is one of the most regular targets of cybersecurity assaults, which occur extensively worldwide. Medical data security is of extreme importance. Medical data, often stored electronically, faces frequent attacks from both internal and external sources during transmission and storage. Data breaches are an important concern in the healthcare industry. Attackers may target medical data for financial gain or identity theft. Even a single breach can expose sensitive patient information. [Methodology/approach/design] Cybersecurity measures are critical for safeguarding patient information and maintaining the integrity of healthcare applications in an increasingly digital healthcare landscape. [Findings] Legal software systems with updated software are essential, along with ensuring that the medical data is only accessible to authorised persons. [Practical implications] This paper explores the areas of cybersecurity relevant to healthcare applications, emphasizing the risks posed by well-known threats such as WannaCry, Medjack, NotPetya, and brainjacking.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Cybersecurity. Medical data. Healthcare applications. Data breaches. Ransomware.
  topic: keywords
creator: Akhil Sekharan
creator: Joby P.P.
creator: Praseetha V.M.
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 134
ending page: 151
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.57418

AI and Telecommunication Privacy
type: item
description: [Purpose] This paper explores how artificial intelligence (AI) can aid in the integration of telecommunication networks, and how it will affect privacy. It talks about the threats that AI brings to consumer privacy, such as algorithmic monitors that are challenging and explain what does and doesn’t seem to be working to protect consumer privacy in present legislation. The purpose is to study the integration of AI and telecommunication data privacy to find that there is a need to have new set of laws and weighty privacy protection in this age of digital transformation. [Methodology/approach/design] The paper critically analyses historical interactions of AI with telecommunication privacy, discusses how existing policies work and what gaps exist in current legislation. Examining the validity of such risks in telecommunication networks when it comes to privacy violation, data exploitation, and the need for clear regulations of the system. Moreover, the methodology proposes an interdisciplinary approach comprised of legal, technological, and ethical stakeholders to handle the problems in question. [Findings] And finally, the paper concludes that the existing legal frameworks cannot secure privacy of consumer in the framework of AI-based telecommunication systems. That is why it emphasizes the need for international privacy standards, independent audits and robust national regulatory bodies. It calls for new legal guidelines that would guarantee transparency, responsibility and consumer consent as well as foster collaboration among the different stakeholders to improve privacy protection and data control in AI systems. [Practical implications] The paper parallels strong privacy protections and ethical practices of AI in telecommunication systems. It calls for new legal and international standards of privacy. The intention behind these recommendations is to maintain the privacy and control of the consumer’s data within AI powered systems. [Originality/value] Finally, this…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence, Surveillance, Ethics, Privacy, Technology, Society, Data.
  topic: keywords
creator: Sheikh Inam Ul Mansoor
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 86
ending page: 107
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.57121

El derecho a la intimidad en la era digital
type: item
description: El artículo tiene como objetivo argumentar, desde una mirada al derecho a la intimidad, la importancia de la existencia de requisitos para la aplicación de la vigilancia electrónica y la necesidad de un adecuado control para garantizar la ponderación de los intereses en conflicto en el proceso penal.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Derecho a la intimidad. Era digital. Vigilancia electrónica. Proceso Penal cubano. Control de la investigación.
  topic: keywords
creator: Yenisey González Rodríguez
creator: María Elvira Batista Ojeda
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 281
ending page: 299
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.57102

Potential and Opportunities for Using Big Data in Public Administration
type: item
description: [Purpose] The purpose of the study was to highlight the specific features of using big data and artificial intelligence in public administration. [Methodology/approach/design] Economic and statistical analysis methods were used to process the data, including the Wilcoxon statistical method for comparing trends. [Findings] It was found that the use of big data in public administration opened up new opportunities for improving the efficiency of public services through accurate analysis, forecasting, and automation of processes. However, along with these capabilities, risks were also identified, in particular, privacy issues, the possibility of information abuse, and technical issues that required careful management and security measures to minimise negative consequences. A review of the use of big data in public administration in the UK, Finland, and Singapore revealed different approaches to integrating such data into public administration. It was determined that the UK focused on transparency and citizen participation through open data, Finland in its approach focused on data security and personalisation of services, and Singapore used big data to improve infrastructure and urban planning. The selected countries demonstrated various models and strategies that outlined the main success factors and their impact on the effectiveness of public services. Based on this international experience, Ukraine was recommended to implement integrated analytical platforms for big data processing, ensure a high level of information security, and develop personalised services for citizens. [Practical implications] The results highlighted the importance of integrating advanced big data processing technologies to improve the efficiency and transparency of public administration in Ukraine. Further research may focus on adapting and implementing successful international practices of using big data in public administration, considering the specifics of the Ukrainian context.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence. Public Sector. Digital Transformation. Personalisation. Transparency. Data Governance.
  topic: keywords
creator: Borys Dziundziuk
creator: Viacheslav Dziundziuk
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 108
ending page: 133
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.56922

Analysis of the Impact of Digital Transformation of the Legal Field on Data Cybersecurity
type: item
description: [Purpose] To develop effective cybersecurity strategies in the context of digital transformation of the legal field. [Methodology/approach/design] The research methodology includes a comprehensive analysis of technological, organisational, and regulatory aspects of the problem. [Findings] The article examines international legal cybersecurity regulation and recommends approaches to adapt best practices. The human component in law firm cybersecurity is examined, and recommendations for boosting staff digital literacy are made. Quantum cryptography's legal data protection potential and successful cyber-attacks on DLA are analysed. Piper, Cravath, Swaine & Moore, Jones Day. The introduction of cloud technologies in legal firms significantly increases the risk of unlawful access to confidential information. An examination of 2020–2023 cyberattacks on legal entities found a growing trend of automating hostile acts with AI. The vulnerability evaluation identifies crucial data protection issues in legal services digitisation. A model of an adaptive cyber security system that considers law firm business process transformation offers a significant reduction in attack likelihood. Rewriting the legislative framework for personal data protection in the context of digitalisation, including regulating blockchain technology in legal practice, is justified. The integration of digital platforms into legal activity introduces new cyber dangers that demand novel security. Examine the impact of lawyers' remote work on corporate network security and offer ways to reduce hazards. [Practical implications] The results of the study form the basis for the development of effective cybersecurity strategies in the legal field and the improvement of relevant legislation, which is critical for ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of legal information in the digital age.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Cloud Computing. Blockchain. Privacy. Artificial Intelligence. Legal Regulation.
  topic: keywords
creator: Saimir Fekolli
creator: Ervis Çela
creator: Chynybek Erdolatov
creator: Berik Biyashev
creator: Gulnoza Ismailova
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 33
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.56766

Legal Regulation of Issues of Intellectual Power Created by Artificial Intelligence
type: item
description: [Purpose] The article is devoted to a review and comparative analysis of the legislation of Ukraine and UK in the search for common and different approaches to the legal regulation of intellectual property created by artificial intelligence (AI). The study also analyzes the legal status of intellectual property created with the help of AI, evaluates the relevance of legislative acts and the need for changes through the prism of Ukraine's reception of Great Britain's approaches. In addition, the article aims to implement and develop proposals for improving legal regulation, discuss the ethical and legal implications of intelligent AI products, and, finally, form recommendations for further research in the context of regulating the intellectual power of AI based on the analysis of the legislation of both countries. [Methodology/approach/design] The study employs a wide methodological toolkit—analysis and synthesis, comparative legal method, and structural-functional method—to examine similarities and differences in the regulation of intellectual property rights (IPR) and intellectual power in Ukraine and the UK. Comparing these systems is valuable for analyzing economic potential, competitiveness, legal improvement, and knowledge economy development. In the global economy, countries prioritize building intellectual power. The UK’s knowledge economy significantly contributes to its GDP, while Ukraine, though possessing potential, needs stronger mechanisms for IPR protection and commercialization. The UK's developed legal system provides successful examples Ukraine could adapt to boost competitiveness. A robust IPR framework directly impacts investment attractiveness; the UK attracts investors due to reliable innovation protection, a model Ukraine should emulate to enhance its investment climate. Intellectual property also drives innovation, and the UK's public and private initiatives to commercialize research offer lessons for Ukraine. Moreover, the comparison helps as…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Intellectual property law. Intellectual property. Intellectual law. Intellectual power. Artificial intelligence.
  topic: keywords
creator: Olena Tymoshenko
creator: Kateryna Yanishevska
creator: Yevheniia Lytvynenko
creator: Ivan Kravchenko
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 374
ending page: 406
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.56439

Addressing the Legal Gaps in AI Regulation for National Security: The Case of Ukraine's Defense Sector
type: item
description: [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to develop a scientific and methodological framework for legal regulation of the introduction of artificial intelligence systems to ensure cybersecurity in the defense sector of Ukraine. [Methodology] This paper evaluates the weaknesses in Ukraine's present legislation related to AI in defense cybersecurity by comparing legislative frameworks throughout the world. Based on case studies and expert interviews, it also creates a risk assessment methodology and suggests legislative changes to close these gaps. [Findings] Thirty experts in national security, law, and cybersecurity participated in the expert survey. The study's conclusions highlight serious flaws in Ukraine's legal framework for governing AI in defense cybersecurity, most notably the lack of precise definitions for autonomous cyber defense systems and AI systems. It is difficult to adequately address the hazards connected to the integration of AI technology into vital defense infrastructure because of this lack of regulatory clarity. Key legal dangers are identified by the study, including possible human rights violations such as invasions of privacy, restrictions on the right to free speech, and the possibility of discrimination. Concerns about autonomous AI systems' accountability for their deeds as well as regulatory non-compliance brought on by out-of-date or insufficient legislation are also brought to light. The paper also highlights moral conundrums that AI decision-making systems may present, which could have significant effects on both individual rights and national security. The report urges the creation of specialized law that includes precise definitions, certification procedures, accountability systems, and transparency for AI systems used in the defense industry to address these problems. These results demonstrate how urgently Ukraine must revise its legal system to guarantee that AI integration complies with contemporary technical advancements as well…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Economic Security. Cybersecurity Regulation. AI Governance. Cyber Threats. Legal System.
  topic: keywords
creator: Oleh Semenenko
creator: Serhii Kirsanov
creator: Artur Movchan
creator: Maryna Sliusarenko
creator: Vladyslav Horhulenko
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 56
ending page: 85
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.56351

Problems and Prospects of Digitalisation in the Field of Jurisprudence to Ensure Cyber Protection of Information
type: item
description: [Purpose] The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of digitalisation on the field of jurisprudence with a special focus on ensuring cyber protection of information. [Methodology/approach/design] The study methodology includes the analysis of cyber threats for law firms, such as phishing and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, an assessment of international cybersecurity standards (Budapest Convention, ISO/IEC 27001), and the use of modern security technologies (encryption, multi-factor authentication). [Findings] Employee training programmes and the possibilities of using artificial intelligence and machine learning to automate data protection were examined. Electronic platforms simplify the exchange of documents and increase the transparency of interactions due to the session recording function. The legal field is facing acute cybersecurity problems due to the processing of confidential information. The main types of cyber-attacks faced by law firms include phishing, ransomware, and DDoS attacks. Each of these attacks can have serious consequences for data security, the reputation of companies, and their ability to provide legal services. [Practical implications] The research underscores the critical need for law firms to implement robust cybersecurity measures, including compliance with international standards and regular employee training, to protect sensitive information and maintain client trust. This shift not only enhances operational efficiency and compliance but also positions firms competitively in a digitally-driven market, ultimately impacting client access to legal services and the overall landscape of legal practice. [Originality/value] The development of specialised software for the legal field has opened up new opportunities to improve the efficiency and protection of information, ensuring compliance with legislation and integration with external systems.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Virtual Consultations. DDoS Attacks. Quantum Encryption. Cybersecurity. Control Systems. Automation.
  topic: keywords
creator: Henris Balliu
creator: Erisa Xhixho
creator: Nazira Abdukarimova
creator: Nazgul Adylova
creator: Nail Abbasov
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-01
publication date: 2025-10-01
starting page: 34
ending page: 55
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i2.56248

Digital transformation in the legal sector
type: item
description: [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the principal issues of cybersecurity and data protection in the context of digital transformation in the legal system of the Kyrgyz Republic. [Methodology/approach/design] The study conducted legal and comparative analysis of the regulatory framework and its application in modern conditions. Additionally, the content of reports from governmental and international organisations was examined to assess current trends in data protection and digital services. The study analysed key documents such as the National Development Strategy of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2018-2040 and the Concept of Digital Transformation of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2024-2028, the Civil and Criminal Codes of the Kyrgyz Republic, as well as laws of the Kyrgyz Republic regulating access to information, data protection, and cybersecurity, namely, “On the Right of Access to Information”, “On Protection of State Secrets of the Kyrgyz Republic”, “On the National Archive Fund of the Kyrgyz Republic”, “On the Electrical Connection”. Special attention was paid to the Tunduk system as an essential element of digital public administration and interaction between public authorities. [Findings] The key findings showed that despite great strides in digitalisation, the existing legislative framework of the Kyrgyz Republic needs considerable adaptation to ensure data protection and cybersecurity in a rapidly evolving digital environment. [Practical implications] The study offered recommendations, including the creation of a national cybersecurity centre, the introduction of international data protection standards, and the development of human resources in the field of information security. [Originality/value] The findings confirm the need to modernise the legal framework to ensure a sustainable and secure digital transformation in the Kyrgyz Republic, which is critical for protecting citizens’ data and increasing trust in public services.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Legal mechanisms. Electronic infrastructure. Electronic document management. Software. Socio-economic development.
  topic: keywords
creator: Erisa Xhixho
creator: Niiazbek Pazylov
creator: Viktor Savchenko
creator: Nurkhanbek Patiev
creator: Munarym Pazylova
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: 250
ending page: 271
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i1.56176

Los recursos audiovisuales en los medios de comunicación y su papel en la enseñanza del Derecho
type: item
description: [Objetivo] El objetivo de este artículo es explorar la eficacia de los recursos audiovisuales como herramienta pedagógica en la enseñanza del Derecho, especialmente en áreas como la responsabilidad civil, estatal y los derechos probatorio y procesal. [Metodología] Se empleó un enfoque cualitativo con alcance correlacional con el fin de comprender en profundidad los significados y relaciones entre variables, tales como el análisis de contenido para identificar temas jurídicos relevantes y las formas en que estos eran representados, así como analogías para comparar y contrastar diferentes interpretaciones de los contenidos audiovisuales. [Resultados] Los resultados de esta investigación revelan el potencial transformador de los materiales audiovisuales en la educación jurídica. Al integrar películas y series de televisión en los procesos de enseñanza, se observó una renovación significativa en los métodos pedagógicos, haciendo la enseñanza del derecho más atractiva y relevante. Con lo anterior, es posible establecer una conexión más profunda entre los conocimientos teóricos y la realidad social, fomentando un aprendizaje más significativo.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Enseñanza del derecho. Recursos audiovisuales. Medios de comunicación. Cine y derecho. Educación jurídica.
  topic: keywords
creator: José López-Oliva
creator: Andrea Alarcón-Peña
creator: Iván Vargas Chaves
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: 200
ending page: 224
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i1.56073

Journal Info
type: item
description: DOI: https://doi.org/10.26512/lstr.v16i2 SCOPUS Q3 - MIAR Index 9.6 - SJR H-Index 4 Editor: Prof. Marcio Iorio Aranha (University of Brasilia, BRAZIL) Editorial Board: Prof. Marcio Iorio Aranha (University of Brasilia – BRAZIL), Prof. André Rossi (Utah Valley University - USA), Prof. Ana Frazao (Universidade de Brasilia - BRAZIL), Prof. Clara Luz Alvarez (Universidad Panamericana - MEXICO), Prof. Diego Cardona (Universidad de Rosario - COLOMBIA), Prof. Flavia M. S. Oliveira (Universidade de Brasilia - BRAZIL) Prof. Francisco Sierra Caballero (Universidad de Sevilla - SPAIN), Prof. Fabio Bassan (Universitá degli Studi Roma Tre - ITALIA), Prof. Hernán Galperin (University of Southern California - USA), Prof. Jerônimo Siqueira Tybusch (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - BRAZIL), Prof. João Alberto de Oliveira Lima (Universidade do Legislativo Brasileiro - BRAZIL), Prof. Judith Mariscal (CIDE - MEXICO), Prof. Liliana Ruiz de Alonso (Universidad San Martín de Porres - PERU), Prof. Lucas Sierra (Universidad de Chile - CHILE), Prof. Luís Fernando Ramos Molinaro (Universidade de Brasília - BRAZIL), Prof. Murilo César Ramos (Universidade de Brasília - BRAZIL), Prof. Raúl Katz (Columbia University - USA), Prof. Roberto Muñoz (Universidad Técnica - CHILE). ISSN: 1984-9729 EISSN: 1984-8161 Periodicity: Annual issues uninterrupted since May 2009 and two annual issues in May and October uninterrupted since May 2018. Mission/Scope/Focus: http://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/RDET/about Submission process: Authors are requested to submit their papers following the instructions at http://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/RDET/about/submissions. The journal adopts the double-blind peer review process. Archiving policy: LOCKSS-CARINIANA, DOAJ and Brazil’s Senate Library. Indexation: SCOPUS (Elsevier); CROSSREF; ROAD; THE KEEPERS; LATINDEX (28283); EBSCOhost research databases (EBSCO Publishing Inc.); Gale Group; AE Global Index; OAI (Open Archives Initiative) - DOAJ (Directory of Open Acces…
subject: Datos de la Publicación
  topic: section
subject: journal info
  topic: keywords
creator: Consejo Editorial
rights: Derechos de autor 2024 Revista de Direito, Estado e Telecomunicações http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-10-16
publication date: 2024-10-16
starting page: 321
ending page: 322

Sumario
type: item
description: Esta edición abarca temas como el desarrollo del sector de telecomunicaciones de la India en la última década, centrándose en los méritos y desafíos de las leyes de telecomunicaciones y competencia, así como en la neutralidad del 5G en el país. Otras contribuciones abordan el crecimiento de la informática forense en las investigaciones de delitos cibernéticos en Kazajistán y la seguridad cibernética marítima. La edición también examina las políticas públicas sobre el acceso a internet y la conectividad como un derecho social en el Valle de Aburrá, en Colombia, y evalúa la efectividad de las políticas de conectividad educativa en Brasil. Un artículo analiza la difusión de noticias falsas y contenido discriminatorio bajo la Ley de Información y Transacciones Electrónicas de Indonesia, mientras que otro explora los riesgos de lavado de dinero a través de transacciones con criptomonedas. Además, hay una discusión sobre el trabajo remoto en Portugal, enfocándose en las herramientas de trabajo y el reembolso de gastos. Las preocupaciones sobre la privacidad se exploran a través de un estudio comparativo entre India, Estados Unidos y Sudáfrica, y otro artículo investiga el acceso a internet como un derecho humano con implicaciones socio-colectivas. La edición concluye con un artículo sobre medidas para combatir el fraude en internet en Kazajistán y otro sobre los desafíos legales y éticos de la regulación de los robots humanoides y la inteligencia artificial.
subject: Consejo Editorial, Revisores Ciegos, Carta del Editor, Sumario
  topic: section
subject: sumario
  topic: keywords
creator: Consejo Editorial
rights: Derechos de autor 2024 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-10-16
publication date: 2024-10-16
starting page: i
ending page: xiv

Leveraging AI-Evidence in Money Laundering Cases in Mexico
type: item
description: [Purpose] To analyze the admissibility of AI-generated evidence in money laundering cases in Mexico, with an emphasis on how this type of evidence might be evaluated under existing SCJN resolutions. [Methodology/approach/design] This research uses a qualitative methodology, utilizing a comprehensive literature review of the SCJN’s judicial resolutions regarding evidence in money laundering cases. While no cases involving AI-generated evidence were found, the research examines current legal principles to anticipate how such evidence might be evaluated under the Mexican legal system. [Findings] The research shows that, although the SCJN has not yet addressed cases involving AI-generated evidence, existing legal guidelines provide a foundation for determining its admissibility. These findings provide a structured approach for the potential future evaluation of AI evidence in Mexican courts. [Practical implications] The findings of this research can help legal professionals, including judges and lawyers, understand how AI-generated evidence can be evaluated under the current legal framework. These findings will help shape future legal practices regarding the use of AI in the collection of evidence in money laundering cases. [Originality/value] This paper is among the first to explore the admissibility of AI-generated evidence within the Mexican legal system, providing valuable insights for legal professionals and policymakers on how AI technology aligns with legal evidentiary standards in money laundering cases.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: AI-generated evidence. Money laundering. SCJN resolutions. Legal framework. Mexican Law.
  topic: keywords
creator: Patricia Margarita Sanchez Reyes
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: 86
ending page: 116
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i1.54403

Cyberbullying and Internet Crimes
type: item
description: [Purpose] Cyber aggression is a phenomenon that has roots in most Internet and social media users. People with psychiatric disorders have impaired self-regulation and exacerbation of many character traits, which makes them a high-risk group for the negative effects of cyberbullying. However, the scientific literature does not pay enough attention to the psychological aspects of the impact of cyberbullying on people with mental disorders. The study aims to address the characteristics of victims and perpetrators of cyberbullying with psychiatric disorders. [Methodology/approach/design] The study involved 60 patients with mild to moderate psychiatric diagnoses. Among them, there are 15 patients with diagnoses: of depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, and personality disorder. The analysis was carried out using self-report methods and studied indicators of involvement in cyberbullying and online aggression, personality traits and negative traits that make up the dark triad, as well as the level of life satisfaction. [Findings] The study determined that the level of involvement in cyberbullying in the study sample was quite high, amounting to 34%, of which 40% were victims and 28% were aggressors. The correlation analysis showed a high positive correlation between cyber victimization and indicators of openness to new experiences and a negative correlation with the stability indicator. Cyber victimization was also negatively correlated with the dark triad traits: psychopathy, Machiavellianism and narcissism. Cyberaggression was positively correlated with extraversion and negatively correlated with friendliness and conscientiousness. The strongest positive statistical correlation was found with the Dark Triad indicators, most notably with psychopathy, and the weakest with narcissism and Machiavellianism. These results are consistent with the data described in the literature on non-clinical samples. Both components of cyber-aggressive behavior were negati…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Cyber aggression. Victimization. The Big Five. The Dark Triad. Psychopathy.
  topic: keywords
creator: Liana Spytska
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: 225
ending page: 249
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i1.55429

Escalation of Terrorism in the Sahel Region and Information and Communication Technology, 2018-2023
type: item
description: [Purpose] The current innovations in information and communication technology, as demonstrated by computers and smart phones with social media platforms and applications, are believed to have enhanced and sustained terrorist campaigns currently widespread in the Sahel. In the interim, violent extremism apparently reduced in other parts of the world while the Sahel region has turned into a hub of terror attacks with an up to 43% spike in fatality rates by global ranking. The paper explored the nexus between the current upsurge of violent extremism in the Sahel region and worldwide usage of Information Technology. [Methodology/approach/design] The social-learning and frustration-aggression theories logically analyzed the phenomenon while qualitative method of data collection was adopted, including key informant interviews. [Findings] The study revealed that the ICT applications were a major contributor to the escalation of terrorism in Sahel region and deemphasized the sole reliance on internal military actions; while encouraging international collaborations among the states to embrace an aspect of artificial intelligence (AI) branded e-counterterrorism, to tackle the menace. [Practical implications] Again, addressing poverty and unemployment rates adequately can help lower the humanitarian crises triggering restiveness in the region.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence. Counterterrorism. Poverty. Social Media. Violent Extremism.
  topic: keywords
creator: JoshuaJones Oguadinma
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: 175
ending page: 199
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i1.55423

Ethics in E-Commerce
type: item
description: [Purpose] To explore the application and effectiveness of self-regulation tools in the e-commerce sector, focusing on their role in enhancing consumer protection in the digital world. The research seeks to evaluate how self-regulation mechanisms, such as codes of conduct, complement existing legal frameworks to protect consumer rights and build trust in online transactions. [Methodology/approach/design] The study employs a comprehensive analysis of self-regulation concepts, examining their influence in various digital environments. It investigates the necessary conditions for effective self-regulation systems and the potential legal characteristics of these mechanisms. The research draws on theoretical and practical insights, comparing self-regulation tools with traditional contractual frameworks like adhesion contracts. [Findings] The analysis reveals that self-regulation tools, particularly codes of conduct, play a significant role in filling gaps left by existing legal regulations. These tools enhance consumer protection by setting higher standards than those mandated by law. The study highlights the functional similarity between self-regulation instruments and adhesion contracts, noting that while they lack the coercive power of legal norms, they effectively standardize practices and build consumer trust. [Practical implications] The findings suggest that businesses should adopt self-regulation tools to strengthen consumer trust and compliance with ethical standards. These tools can lead to improved consumer experiences and potentially reduce legal disputes by addressing issues that legal regulations may not cover comprehensively. The research underscores the need for businesses to publicize their adherence to these codes to maximize their impact on consumer trust and corporate reputation. [Originality/value] This paper provides a detailed examination of self-regulation tools in e-commerce, offering new insights into their legal nature and practical applications…
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: E-commerce. Trust. Efficacy. Self-regulation. Safeguarding.
  topic: keywords
creator: David López Jiménez
creator: Eduardo Carlos Dittmar
creator: Jenny Patricia Vargas Portillo
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: 143
ending page: 174
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i1.54281

Imagined Citizenship
type: item
description: [Purpose] To analyze the imagined citizenship of the Rohingya through their active digital participation in Southeast Asia, demonstrating how they use technology to communicate abuses, document events, and interact with mainstream media, thus forming their own identity and inspiring digital action. [Methodology/approach/design] This study utilizes Social Identity Theory (SIT) to explore the self-categorization processes of the Rohingya as they engage in digital inclusion and self-expression. Additionally, the study integrates Social Capital Theory to examine how the Rohingya build relationships with international stakeholders, media, and other personalities to improve their living conditions. [Findings] The study finds that the Rohingya's digital activities contribute to their imagined citizenship, allowing them to own their stories, form their identities, and inspire other Rohingya. These activities also lead to building social capital, which helps garner international support and improve their actual living conditions. [Practical implications] The research highlights the potential for digital participation to enhance the social capital and living conditions of marginalized communities. It suggests that fostering digital inclusion can empower disenfranchised groups to communicate their experiences and advocate for their rights. [Originality/value] The paper offers a novel perspective on the concept of imagined citizenship through digital participation, specifically focusing on the Rohingya. It provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and humanitarian organizations interested in digital inclusion and social justice.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Social Identity Theory. Rohingya. Citizenship. Inclusion. Digital.
  topic: keywords
creator: Wendell Glenn Cagape
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: 42
ending page: 62
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i1.54280

Digitalisation in Civil Law
type: item
description: [Purpose] The study aims to explore new aspects of digitalisation, the formation of a legal regime for the use of services for the preservation and transmission of information and their impact on digital reputation. [Methodology/approach/design] The main methods of research were analysis and synthesis, dialectical method, method of deduction and generalisation. Alternative approaches to the preservation and transmission of information that affect the digital reputation of citizens are emphasised. [Findings] The directions of the development of legislation for the formation of civil society’s reputation to digital services and legal regime, as well as effective mechanisms for the use, transfer and preservation of information in the field of civil law are determined. The quality of digital services for the citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as their legal protection in the field of informatisation, is addressed in this study. A brief review of international acts in the information sphere and their application in foreign countries in the context of human rights protection in the conditions of digital transformation was made. Measures that are taken to increase the digital trust of citizens in the course of the introduction of new technologies into public life were considered. [Practical implications] The results of the study may be useful in the development of new norms of civil law by responsible officials taking into account the introduction of new technologies to ensure effective digitalisation of all processes in society, which will increase trust in innovative processes in society and thus affect the digital reputation in general.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Digital Technologies. Information Rights. Personal Data Protection. Electronic Interaction. Information Security.
  topic: keywords
creator: Salima Sarina
creator: Kultay Adilova
creator: Aigerim Aralbayeva
creator: Elmira Kurmanaliyeva
creator: Galym Teleuyev
rights: Derechos de autor 2025 Law, State and Telecommunications Review http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: 63
ending page: 85
doi: 10.26512/lstr.v17i1.53937